The role
of DKK1 in cancer
DKK1 is produced and secreted by cancer cells, functions on several tumor pathways and nearby immune cells.
Enhances
MDSC cells
Inhibits B-catenin dependent Wnt signaling to enhance suppressive activity.
Prevents
NK cell activation
Helps tumor cells avoid NK cell mediated killing.
Angiogenesis
Upregulates VEGFR2, increases formation of tumor blood vessels.
Cell proliferation
Signals through CKAP4 to activate PI3K / AKT signaling
DKK1 high tumor levels are associated with poor survival in many cancer indications
DKK1 high cancers DKK1 expression data (TCGA):
~2.5 years shorter OS in DKK1 high patients